Cover art by Pamela Patrick |
FAREWELL TO MANZANAR A True Story of Japanese American Experience During and After the World War II Internment Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston James D. Houston New York: Dell Laurel-Leaf, 1995 |
Rating: 5.0 High |
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ISBN-13 978-0-553-27258-1 | ||||
ISBN-10 0-553-27258-6 | 203pp. | SC | $6.99 |
1869 | The first Japanese to settle on the U.S. mainland arrive at Gold Hill, near Sacramento, California. |
1870 | U.S. Congress grants naturalization rights to free whites and people of African descent, omitting mention of oriental races. |
1886 | The Japanese government lifts its ban on emigration, allowing its citizens for the first time to make permanent moves to other countries. |
1911 | U.S. Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization orders that declarations of intent to file for citizenship can only be received from whites and from people of African descent, thus allowing courts to refuse naturalization to the Japanese. |
1913 | Alien Land Bill prevents Japanese aliens from owning land in California. |
1924 | Congress passes an Immigration Act stating that no alien ineligible for citizenship shall be admitted to the U.S. This stops all immigration from Japan. |
1941 | December 7: Surprise attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese. |
1942 | February 19: President Roosevelt signs Executive Order 9066, giving the War Department authority to define military areas in the western states and to exclude from them anyone who might threaten the war effort. |
1942 | March 25: Evacuees begin to arrive at Manzanar Camp, in Owens Valley, California, the first of the permanent camps to open. |
1942 | August 12: Evacuation completed, 110,000 people of Japanese ancestry removed from the west coast to ten inland camps. |
1944 | December 18: U.S. Supreme Court rules that loyal citizens cannot be held in detention camps against their will, the first major step toward the closing of the camps. |
1945 | November 21: Manzanar Camp officially closes. |
1952 | June: Congress passes Public Law 414, granting Japanese aliens the right to become naturalized U.S. citizens. |